5 Steps to Completing Your First Draft

5 Steps to Completing Your First Draft 5 Steps to Completing Your First Draft 5 Steps to Completing Your First Draft By Mark Nichol Follow these phases of readiness and creation to gather a first draft of composed (or spoken) content. 1. Recognize Your Purpose What is the explanation behind composing the substance? It is safe to say that you are impartially introducing data? Assuming this is the case, is it for instructive purposes, or for amusement or both? It is safe to say that you are writing to assist somebody with settling on a choice, or urging somebody to make a move? Recognizing your objective for the substance will assist you with forming the piece. 2. Distinguish Your Readership Who are your expected perusers (and your unintended ones)? What is their degree of education, and what is their level of earlier information on the point? Envisioning who your perusers are will enable you to choose what voice and tone to receive, how formal or casual your language will be however that factor likewise relies upon your methodology (see underneath) and how much detail or foundation data you give. 3. Recognize Your Approach Should your substance be definitive, or is it crafted by somebody casually speaking with peers? It is safe to say that you are offering inviting guidance, or is your tone preventative? Is it accurate to say that you are selling something, or would you say you are wary? Should the substance be not kidding, or is some levity fitting? Deciding your technique, in mix with recognizing your readership, will assist you with choosing how the piece will feel to the peruser. 4. Recognize Your Ideas Conceptualize previously and during the drafting procedure, and again when you change. In the event that suitable, talk or write to expected perusers about what they want to gain from the substance. Envision that you are a specialist on the theme, and imagine that you are being met about it. Record the inquiries and your responses to assist you with organizing the substance. On the other hand, present a counterfeit discourse or talk on the subject and decipher your discussion. Draft an official synopsis or a theoretical of the substance, or consider how you would depict it to somebody in a couple of sentences. Or then again draw an outline or a guide of the substance. Utilizing at least one of these techniques will assist you with populating your substance with the data your perusers need or need. 5. Distinguish Your Structure Art a title that plainly sums up the subject in a couple of words. Clarify the fundamental thought in the principal passage. Sort out the substance by one of a few plans: order or arrangement, relative significance, or varying perspectives. Use segment headings or transitional language to flag new subtopics. Incorporate sidebars, designs, or potentially interfaces as proper. Joining these structure squares will assist you with delivering a lucid, efficient piece. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Business Writing class, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:100 Words for Facial ExpressionsFlier versus Flyer50 Synonyms for Tune

Organizational Mode Effective Communication -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Plate About The Organizational Mode Effective Communication? Answer: Introducation The underlying psychometric evaluation is to survey the verbal correspondences capability. This appraisal depicts how an individual carries on with others to include then during conversation. I have accomplished 107 in this assessment and that extends that I have great intrapersonal abilities however there are opportunity to get better. I tune in to what others are stating and I invite any new thoughts what others may propose. By and large I attempt to become more acquainted with the edge of reference alongside the view of the others. I have seen that I don't proactively respond to an issue so as to illuminate it and this is something that ought to be improved by me. The subsequent assessment exhibits oneself watched ability of interchanges result that demonstrates my capability to speak with people of different classifications like companions, outsiders and associates. In this evaluation I got 82 in normal and that shows that I am preferably alright with conversing with the companions over the outsiders and I need to improve my aptitudes to speak with enormous gatherings. The third appraisal shows the evaluation of the aptitudes of people. This assessment assists with surveying whether an individual can be a decent colleague or the pioneer of the group. In this appraisal I got 53 that uncover that I can possibly be a decent colleague and now and again I give a few practices gained from my colleagues. I have seen that I will in general acknowledge the assessments of my colleagues and on occasion feel pressurized when I have to understand an issue inside a brief timeframe length. These things mirror that I have to improve my capacity to comprehend a conversation all the more proficiently and to extend my supposition on that simultaneously also. At that point I will have the option to improve my authority characteristics inevitably. The fourth assessment is oneself report of non-verbal promptness scale that centers around the tonal nature of the speed, non-verbal communication, eye to eye connection or developments of the hands at the hour of a conversation. These highlights help to see how the people are intrigued to proceed with the discussion. I accomplished 84 in this appraisal that shows that my abilities of correspondence are normal. I utilize my hands so as to make a point in a discussion and I make eye contacts every now and again so as to check whether the other individual is getting what I am attempting to state or not. Then again, I utilize a scope of vocal articulation and some of the time get hardened while conversing with others; these angles should be improved. The last psychometric assessment is related with the aptitudes of introduction utilizing which I can draw in the consideration of the crowd in a discussion. I scored 56 in this evaluation and that shows that I can introduce something in a well way and can likewise get the consideration of the crowd rapidly because of the great substance of the introduction. The assessment affirms that my inclinations are utilizing visuals in the introduction with the goal that the crowd can identify with the substance. Then again, I don't get acquainted with the room of the introduction that opens my to an issues and makes me apprehensive on occasion. I pose my crowd to raise inquiries in the event that they get mistook for my substance and I attempt to give a few guides to make my substance increasingly reasonable. Aside from these I will in general give in certain confirmations to come to my meaningful conclusions much more grounded and reliable. Two issues The two principle issues found from the five assessments are the speaking easily in the nearness if bigger gathering and absence of exhibiting initiative style. I permit others to offer their thoughts and when all is said in done invite their assessment. I imagine that making a move is the most acknowledged thing for an answer can propel the representatives to fill in as they believe they are resource of the association. In any case, now and again in basic position, when there is o time left to orchestrate gatherings and I have to coordinate the representatives, I feel pressurized. The second issue in such manner is that I waver to come to a meaningful conclusion while conversing with a huge gathering of individuals. The primary issue in such manner is that I think all the more in regards to the others concern and their response in the event that they don't care for my point. Reflection on 2 collaborations I was picked for the job of an associate administrator and there I needed to take choices of group mix among the different divisions. To accomplish these measures, I needed to watch the degree of skill of the every worker and needed to shape new groups so as to accomplish the objectives set by the administration of the association. I had decided to accumulate inputs from the workers with respect to the new group arrangement and whether the new plans are successful or not. In these cases, I think gymnastic initiative style will be the most proper one. The accompanying occurrence is related with the episode expressed previously. I had masterminded a mass gathering and I didn't have the foggiest idea about all the representatives of that association. I had arranged a discourse for the gathering on the adequacy of group rearranging, however I was unable to convey all that I plan to because of my issues in regards to speaking with enormous gatherings. Correspondence as an idea: As indicated by Kernbach, Eppler and Bresciani (2015), the procedure of at least two than two individuals sharing their recognition or manner of thinking can be considered as the communicational methodology. There are two parts of the bargains procedure: the sender of the message and the collector of the message. At the point when an individual requires sharing their contemplations or concerns, they can convey without any problem. There are different classes of correspondence: representation, composed correspondence, non-verbal correspondence and verbal correspondence. The individual engaged with a verbal correspondence needs to utilize a medium, for example, TV, phone or radio, then again, the non-verbal correspondence includes non-verbal communication, motions, development of hands, eye to eye connection and so on. As demonstrated by Bove, Thill and Raina (2016), the composed correspondence includes letters, books, messages, magazine, internet based life sites so as to speak with o ne another. There is another sort of correspondence, perception, which includes use of diagrams, outlines and other picture portrayals for communicating sees. Centrality of Communication: As a procedure, correspondence will in general permit individuals to get some answers concerning different customs and societies. Inside a business association, individuals can emerge out of different social foundations who are working at an equivalent spot, consequently through an adequate correspondence process; they can impart their musings and information to one another (Cornelissen, 2017). This method can upgrade accomplishing the authoritative destinations and objectives. Along these lines this can be useful for the firm over the long haul. Notwithstanding that, it ought to be noticed that there are different divisions inside an association that are taking a shot at an equivalent venture. Useful correspondence process is useful for the chiefs for maintaining a strategic distance from the asset portion for an equivalent errand. On the off chance that there is successful correspondence among representatives they can facilitate and help out one another. In this way it can spare a tremendous measure of monetary assets and cost. Goetsch and Davis (2014), has shown that adequate correspondence inside an association isn't generally up close and personal correspondence, rather it tends to be done through notification sheets and notices of the workplace or through messages. Other than these, correspondence procedure can likewise be useful for managing the relatively new representatives in the association. On the off chance that an individual worker isn't feeling very good in the association, the person can tell the association about the issue through verbal correspondence (Samovar et al., 2014). Additionally, it has likewise been demonstrated that inside the authoritative setting, the workers can likewise share their interests in a conventional manner through email. In this way it tends to be said that strong correspondence process helps every representative of the association to share their issues and concerns. Alongside that, workers can likewise share their interests on any sort of antagonistic circumstance the association is looking at the present time. Shannon Weaver's Model of Communication Shannon Weaver's Model of Communication has been created by Warren Weaver and Claude Elwood Shannon in 1948. The essential highlights of this specific communicational model are: encoder, decoder, sender, channel, clamor and recipient (Al-Fedaghi, 2012). This model expresses that the sender inside the correspondence is liable for making the message and afterward the person picks the suitable channel for passing the message. This has additionally been demonstrated that the encoder can be considered as the machine which is dependable fir changing over the message in twofold codes so as to cause the machine to comprehend the particular information and data in a message. The channel fills in as the medium and causes the message to go through it. The collector is the person who remains at the less than desirable finish of the correspondence procedure and give important input however a similar channel. The decoder functions as another machine that will in general believer the paired code in the customary message so the recipient can comprehend the genuine message. In this model, commotion is considered as the outside element which can be applied inside certain condition through individuals. This can cause quick interruption in the communicational procedure. This model can be used in the normal operational exercises inside any business association. Advertisers speaking with their customers thanks to phone are one of the significant occasions of this model. As expressed by McQuail and Windahl (2015) if there is high measure of commotion present in the correspondence procedure the customer or the individual at the less than desirable finish of the correspondence will most likely be unable to comprehend the message plainly. In this sort of a discussion, the advertiser us the sender of the correspondence and the phone

Chitika + Infolinks A Better Adsense Alternative

Chitika + Infolinks A Better Adsense Alternative Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now! Chitika + Infolinks: A Better Adsense Alternative Updated On 25/05/2019 Author : Anish KS Topic : Make Money Short URL : http://hbb.me/2oz9NSo CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlog Most of the bloggers (Including me) starts a blog or website for earning money. Google Adsense is the Main stream of money for most bloggers. But now Google is too strict to approve an Adsense account. Most of the newbies are facing this issue. Some other people are banned for fraud clicks. These people are searching for a better Alternative for Adsense. We can find hundreds of Ad networks, Affiliates websites. But the income from these is not so good. I have tried a lot PPC Sites; here I share my experience with you. Google Adsense is my Main stream for revenue. I would like to Recommend Infolinks and Chitika to the people searching a better Adsense alternative. Infolinks Infolinks, is a leading provider of In-Text Advertising services Established in 2007. Advantages To get an account is easy. They will approve your application after checking your details. No need of Adspace, dont worry about to fit the Ads. Just copy the Two line Script in your blog. We can Choose the Payment options (Paypal and Bank Wire) Its recommended to dont use bank Wire, Some bankers charging 25 $ for each transactions. Customer Support Their customer Support is great. You will get the payment on time. Can mange Multiple Blogs/Sites Easily. .IRPP_button , .IRPP_button .postImageUrl , .IRPP_button .centered-text-area { min-height: 86px; position: relative; } .IRPP_button , .IRPP_button:hover , .IRPP_button:visited , .IRPP_button:active { border:0!important; } .IRPP_button { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #3498DB; } .IRPP_button:active , .IRPP_button:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .IRPP_button .postImageUrl { background-position: center; background-size: cover; float: right; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 30%; } .IRPP_button .centered-text-area { float: left; width: 70%; padding:0; margin:0; } .IRPP_button .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: .125em; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .IRPP_button .postTitle { color: #ECF0F1; font-size: 16px; fon t-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .IRPP_button .ctaButton { background: #ECF0F1; color: inherit; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; margin: 18px 14px 18px 14px; moz-border-radius: 3px; padding: 12px 0; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; webkit-border-radius: 3px; width: 80px; position: absolute; } .IRPP_button:hover .ctaButton { background: #e6e6e6; } .IRPP_button .centered-text { display: table; height: 86px; padding:0; margin:0; padding-left: 108px!important; top: 0; } .IRPP_button .IRPP_button-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .IRPP_button:after { content: "; display: block; clear: both; } READSimple Tips To Maximize Your Earnings With HostGator Affiliate Program Disadvantage Minimum payout is $50. Implementation For Blog Spot users, go to Layout, add a gadget HTML/JavaScript Add paste and save. For Self hosted WordPress Blogs/Websites Paste the ad code in any of your common page. (I am not sure about the any Plugins for WordPress). Click Here to Register an Account in Infolinks Though infolinks is an additional in content monetization option along with other PPC, some bloggers, such as Ajith of the DollarShower, believe that it makes money via misleading the visitors into clicking a regular anchor-like links. In a way, its true as well. Chitika Chitika Founded in 2003, Chitika (pronounced CHIH-tih-ka), is a full-service on-line advertising network serving over 2 billion monthly impressions across more than 80,000 websites. Advantages You can use it with AdSense or as an AdSense alternative. Getting approved is easier than Adsense. No Worry about self Click (Chitika Invisible in Your system). Payment Options are Paypal (Min $10) and Check ($50). Click Here To Register An Account In Chitika

The Importance Of Art Funding For Education Essay

The Importance of Art Funding According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, art is defined as â€Å"something that is created with imagination and skill and that is beautiful or that expresses important ideas or feelings† (â€Å"Art†). With that being said, it is almost essential that art is maintained as a general course required for every student to take. While having art classes in schools available for students is important, it is also equally as important for the school funding for the art programs to be regulated throughout each district. By using a simple student to teacher ratio to determine how much money should be allotted to each teacher, this reoccurring problem could be solved for good. One of the main problems in the art program throughout the United States is the regulation of funding within the program. For example, while one teacher has one hundred students and another may have seventy, the teacher with seventy students gets a budget of five hundred dollars when the teacher with one hundred gets only three hundred and fifty. On top of that, not only is it unfair to the individual teachers, but it is also happening all over the United States to teachers in the same district. In an article about secondary art programs, it states that â€Å"the art teacher at School Number Two was operating with 78% of the funds as the teacher at School Number One. Because the two schools are within the same district, this is a difference that seemingly defies explanation† (Kraft 55). WhileShow MoreRelatedThe Abstract Ideas Of Art1141 Words   |  5 PagesIdeas of Art: The Philosophical Reasons Naohito Takeda AP Seminar-5, Analytical Composition February 17, 2017 Introduction Is it important to fund the arts? Art has impacted society positively and negatively. 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Aesthetics is the gateway for you to explore and use self-imaginationRead MoreThe Importance Of Theatre Arts For All High School Students1100 Words   |  5 Pagescame across the highs and lows of having the lack of funding for theatre programs in school. The goal of this paper is to explain the importance of theatre arts in public schools across the United States. The Theatre Arts Department provides performing and creative experiences in Theatre for all High School students. Theatre Arts programs offer a wide range of curricular courses and extra-curricular activities. Learning and experiencing theatre arts correlate intensely with higher accomplishments inRead MoreAn Analysis of Ellen Condiffe Lagemann’s Article on What Can College Mean? Lessons from the Bard Prison Initiative777 Words   |  4 Pagesquality education has the power to provide, for those who seek it, the opportunity of personal and professional transformation. 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Unfortunately, this initiative often led schools to limit or discontinue arts educationRead MoreAdequate funding for the NEA1509 Words   |  7 PagesNational Endowment for the Arts is an independent agency that is funded by the federal government to help support many artists around the U.S. It has successfully been granting artists of every kind and has benefitted thousands of individuals and communities since its establishment in 1965. The NEA has had a huge impact in the development and the preservation of dance, design, folk and traditional arts, literature, media arts, museums, music, opera, theater, a nd visual arts (arts.gov). Over the yearsRead MoreHigh School And The Neural And Scholastic Benefits Essay1626 Words   |  7 PagesGerald Ford said, â€Å"Music education opens doors that help children pass from school into the world around them a world of work, culture, intellectual activity, and human involvement. The future of our nation depends on providing our children with a complete education that includes music.† Music can do so much for the youth of the nation because it encourages group cooperation, independent study, and a way to relax. It has often been debated whether the benefits of music in school are significantRead MoreShould Fine Arts Programs Be Cut From Schools?1046 Words   |  5 PagesReading and Language Arts 10 March 2016 Should Fine Arts Programs be Cut from Schools? How would you feel if one of your favorite subjects was cut from school? You would feel disappointed or sad right? That is how I would feel if fine arts programs were cut from my school. For me, the arts are an outlet of my soul where I can explore my passion, and express my creativity. There are some school officials that say cutting arts funding would save money that could go towards better funding, but some neuroscientistsRead MoreThe Importance of Funding Music and Art Programs for Young Students Across America1685 Words   |  7 Pagesand art programs in schools are perceived to many as extracurricular activities rather than important subjects that are vital to a students learning and skill development. The truth of the matter is that encouraging music and art education in public schools has a much larger impact on student’s grades, academic performance, and the economy than the majority people realize. Within the next year city school budgets will be dropping by twenty five percent, and despite the fact that music and art programsRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act Essay1731 Words   |  7 PagesO Art, Art, Wherefort art Thou Art? Who are Raphael, Leonardo, Michelangelo and Donatello? Present this question to a room full of children (as well as teenagers) and you are only going to receive references to the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles as responses, nearly without a shred of doubt. Though those guys are great, as someone in my mid-twenties I have some nostalgic attachment to them as well, this fictional presentation, with its’ fictional responses which is actually not related to those fictional

Immigration Is A Major Issue - 1989 Words

Immigration is a major issue in the 2016 presidential election. Millions of undocumented immigrants live in the U.S. and border agents spend so much time apprehending illegal immigrants that agencies cannot focus on criminal and terrorist threats. The growing awareness that our immigration system is dysfunctional has affected the candidate’s position on the issue. The candidates I have chosen to highlight are Democrat Hillary Clinton, Republican Donald Trump and Libertarian Gary Johnson. Hillary Clinton, Democratic candidate stated: â€Å"We have to finally and once and for all fix our immigration system—this is a family issue. It’s an economic issue too, but it is at heart a family issue. If we claim we are for family, then we have to pull together and resolve the outstanding issues around our broken immigration system. The American people support comprehensive immigration reform not just because it’s the right thing to do—and it is—but because it will strengthen families, strengthen our economy, and strengthen our country. That’s why we can’t wait any longer, we can’t wait any longer for a path to full and equal citizenship.† (https://www.hillaryclinton.com) Clinton promises she will work to ensure a fair and just immigration system. She is fighting for an America where every family has a sense of belonging. She believes it is important to keep families together and ensure a more human immigration enforcement system instead of breaking up hardworking, law-abidingShow MoreRelatedImmigration Is A Major Controversial Issue1471 Words   |  6 PagesSignature Assignment GOVT 2305 MW 8:00-9:20 Danielle Scheurmann 5-4-2015 â€Æ' Immigration is a major controversial issue in today’s government. Some important matters include national security, the economic weight, escalation in drug and weapons trafficking, and human trafficking. Immigration is both beneficial and detrimental to many people, and our country. In my opinion the foremost concern regarding Immigration is National Security. â€Å"More than 10 million undocumented aliens currently resideRead MoreThe Issue Of Immigration Is Become A Major Debate For Everyone1825 Words   |  8 PagesThe issue of immigration has become a major debate for everyone. Although people argue over the negative impacts of immigrants living in America such as overcrowding, less jobs due to immigrants taking them, drug trafficking, and threatening of American culture, immigrants still have a huge impact in the American society. The United States is by far the largest destination for immigrants, annually receiving over a million legal immigrants and about seven hundred thousand illegal immigrants. ManyRead MoreThe Issue Of Immigration Has Been On The Forefront Major Debates1684 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout America’s history, the issue of immigration has been on the forefront major debates. Immigration is among one of the most stimulating topi cs of discussion. Often when discussing immigration the question of assimilation also arises and whether or not immigrants are truly doing so. Since the beginning of this country, immigrants and even natives of the land have been pressured to assimilate to â€Å"American† Culture and to commit to its standards. When a group of people fail to assimilate toRead MoreA Major Public Issue That Currently Affects Us Is Immigration1452 Words   |  6 PagesA major public issue that currently affects us is immigration deportation. In addition, the public has always had concerns about immigration policies, but to the government, it has always been a problem. Deportation is an issue that does not only affect the immigrant; their family, the community, and even the economy is affected too. When evaluating what immigrants provide and contribute both in the national and state level, one will realize that banning or deporting the undocumented is not the bestRead MoreEssay about Immigratio n and the Media1367 Words   |  6 PagesImmigration has always been a contentious issue in the United States. Benjamin Franklin thought that an influx in German migration into the United States would flush out the predominately British culture at that time. Furthermore, a continual wave of foreign cultures began pouring into the American metropolitan areas at the turn of the 20th century. The migration of these people began a mass assimilation of cultural ideology and customs into the United States. With recent technological advancementsRead MoreThe Side Of Getting Comprehensive Immigration Reform1135 Words   |  5 PagesComposition II 3/9/16 Toulmin Argument Immigration is a major topic in the Immigration presidential Race right now. I am on the side of getting comprehensive immigration reform. Reform is the term used in political discussion regarding changes to the current immigration policy. In the political sense of the word, immigration reform may include promoted, expanded, or open immigration, as well as reduced or eliminated immigration. Comprehensive immigration reform has eluded Congress for years, movingRead MoreIllegal Immigration to America991 Words   |  4 Pagescomplicated. This complication resulted in a new type of immigration: illegal immigration. Ignoring American laws, these immigrants enter the country unnoticed and assimilate themselves into American Culture. With large borders and citizens who fail to abide by the law, the government basically allows them to actually cause some major damage. To fully understand the issues developed from illegal immigration, the history of illegal immigration in the U.S. must be understood first. At the country’sRead MoreAmerican Immigration Entropy : The Land Of Opportunity And The Nation Of Immigrants996 Words   |  4 PagesCherub Ravoori. Eng 102- 050. Daniel Listoe. Draft 1, 10- x-15 â€Å"American Immigration Entropy† Stars and stripes, the land of opportunity and the nation of immigrants. The United States of America, one of the largest and most influential countries today, is and always has been a grand attraction to people all over the world. America has become home to people from all corners on this planet; especially to Europeans seeking wealth and religiousRead MoreThe Immigration System Of The United States1201 Words   |  5 PagesHowever, the immigration system leaves many who are not among the lucky finding their way legally across the border left with no choice but to either stay put, or illegally come into United States territory. With the increase of immigration around the world, and the upcoming political debates, this issue has become more controversial as time goes on. Along with all of the attention with the issue comes many different positions and viewpoints toward the subject. There is that of major emphasis on borderRead MorePolitical Analysis Of Immigration Reform1433 Words   |  6 PagesLijun Huang Professor Josh Sapotichne PLS 313 April 26, 2015 Political analysis of immigration reform U.S. as an immigration country, has a long history of immigration. It is a complex demographic phenomenon that has been a major source of population growth and cultural change of the United States. People came here because of varies reason, the major reason among them are fleeing crop failure, land and job shortage, rising taxes, and famine. Nearly 12 million people immigrate to the United States

Withccraft in British History Essay - 1995 Words

quot;European witchcraft was a unique phenomenon which differed from European high magic from the low magic or simple sorceryquot; (Russel 658). quot;High magic and simple sorcery differ however in methods and motivationquot; (658). High magic was astrology and alchemy (658). Sorcerers are usually people that are motivated by strong feelings of jealously, revenge, malice which are experienced by everyone (Marwich 3042). quot;More supernatural are witches who are slaves of aberration and addiction that are consideration weirdquot; ( 3041). quot;The word witch derives from the Old English noun wicca sorcerer, and the verb wiccian to cast the spell.quot; The term does not really have a sinister meaning to it. It comes from the†¦show more content†¦An other element in the development in witchcraft in Europe was Christian heresy. It had been established by the fifteenth century. Its chief elements were pact with the devil, formal repudiation of Christ, the secret nocturnal meeting, the ride by night, the desecration of the Eucharist and the crucifix, orgy, sacrificial infanticide and cannibalism (417). At the first formal trial in 1022 is were sorcery was linked with the Devil. quot;In this trial the accused was said to hold orges underground at night, to call up evil spirits, to kill and cremate children conceived at previous orgies and use their ashes in blasphous parody of the Eucharist, to renounce Christ and desecrate the crusifix, and to pay homage to the Devilquot; (417). Ideas introduced by courts suggested the differences in witchcraft and in sorcery, that suppossed these two religions were alike. In deciding the laws against witchcraft than against sorcery in the prosecution of the witches the courts finalized the separation ,although in England that distinction was never made. In England, witchcraft remained a civil crime, so that convinced witches were hung ( Russel 661). quot;Theology , then, made a logical connection between witchcraft and heresy. Heresy is any persistently held belief counter to orthodox doctrinequot; (Eliade 418). The worst imaginable heresy was if one used demons serves the Devil

August Strindberg Essay Example For Students

August Strindberg Essay Miss Julie is one of the masterpieces written by August Strindberg, a Swedish playwright in 1888. The setting of Miss Julie takes place during a midsummer festival in late 19th century Sweden. It is about Miss Julie, a lonesome, hysterical and wild daughter of a count, who flirts with Jean, an ambitious valet of her father, in a party. According to Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, treatment here refers to the process or manner of treating something, that is the techniques and manners of writing the play by the playwright. In this paper, Im going to discuss the techniques and attitudes of Strindbergs writing of class system in Miss Julie. For the techniques of writing or treating the class system, I think Strindberg uses an appropriate setting in the play. The setting is on Midsummer Eve, a festival of pagan origins celebrated in Northern Europe. On Midsummer Eve, the regular provincial life is paused, as Miss Julie claims all rank should be forgotten (5). Thus, Midsummer Eve is a suitable setting for the crossing of social boundaries between Jean and Miss Julie. It gives Miss Julie, a master, an excuse to dance and so flirt with Jean, a servant. This also shows the rigidity of the class system in the late 19th century Europe, if there is no this festival, servants and masters can never play together. What Strindberg tries to do by establishing the impression of the rigid class system, is to show readers the consequences when people in the play break the rule under this class system. In 1888, the balance of power in society was firmly with men, but Strindberg creates a dilemma by placing the man of his play in the lower class and the woman in a higher one. The normal solution of premarital sexual relationship for people is to get married, but because of class barriers, Jean and Miss Julie can never get married. Actually, if Miss Julie and Jean do not divulge the secret, no one would know their liaison and they can still lead a normal life in the town. Yet, the point is Jean and Julie who have been deeply instructed by their strict class system to see themselves in a certain way. For example, Jean thinks his social position is even lower than animals A dog may lie on her ladyships sofa; a horse may have his nose patted by the young ladys hand, but a servant (12). Thats why although no one blames them, Julie is scared and pressured to death. For me, the saddest thing is that the pressure imposing on Julie and Jean is not by other social members, but by themselves. This is what makes the play powerful and tragic to show the monstrous class system. This is also one of the special ways Strindberg treats this play. The attitude or manner of the playwright towards the play is closed related to how he writes or treats the play. Throughout the play, I think Strindberg adopts a critical attitude towards class system. He aims to criticize the inflexible and evil class system by portraying the perplexity and agony of people that under the control or influence of the class system, the lack of the individuality of people who is bound by the origin or heredity of their family and the inequality of the class system that makes the lower class suffer. As for Julie and Jean, both of them belong to different classes, the former belongs to the upper class while the latter belongs to the lower class. However, these two prisoners of their own class do not fit comfortably whine the rigid social structure of their time. This is symbolized by their exactly opposite dreams. As for Jean, he wants to climb up and up until the top of the tree, while Julie wants to climb down and down until reaching the very ground. .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d , .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d .postImageUrl , .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d , .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d:hover , .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d:visited , .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d:active { border:0!important; } .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d:active , .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua61aad03097feea2fd70e060b3f4545d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Carlyle's statement EssayIts nothing special that the lower class wants to be the upper class, but the irony lies here is that Julie who is regarded as the prestigious and privileged class also wants to get rid of her own class. Strindberg cleverly creates this abnormality to highlight the perplexity of their under the class system. The reason is that although both of them eager to get rid of their own social positions and even exchange the positions with each other, they are not able to do so as it is originally bound by their blood. Here Strindberg criticizes the inflexibility of the class system ignoring peoples effort trying to change the present situation, like Jean, he is a class-ambitious servant, although he sleeps with Julie to achieve his ultimate aim (becoming a member of upper class), his position of being a servant is a fact of life. This is proved by his becoming inferior again when being reminding of the voice of the count. I think most people would agree that each of us is an individual. However, in Miss Julie, in one sense, people lack individuality. For example, Julie may not regard herself as an individual in a sense that she is bound by the reputation of her social class and cannot do whatever she likes. She wants to be liberated to live for her own life without needing to conform to societys norms. This can be shown by her preferring beer than wine (7) (upper class is supposed to drink wine rather than beer). The class system in Miss Julie is portrayed as unequal and cruel to the lower class. In the play, the upper class is just described as possessing supreme authorities while the lower class as inferior than animals (as mentioned before). For instance, although Jean is the fianc of Christine, when their master, Julie, orders him to dance with her, Christine has no say by saying that isnt for me to say (4), I know my place (5). Although Julie is the master of them, I think she has no right to order Jean to dance with her, she is just abusing her class superiority and it is unfair to Jean and Christine. As for me, Julie is nothing more superior to her servant because she is just luckier than them by being born in an upper class family. What Strindberg tries to do in the play is to explore the abuse and unfairness of upper class to lower class in order to remind the upper class that they are just luckier than their servant but not superior to them.  To conclude, Miss Julie is a wonderful play studying the psychology of people among different classes (how they struggle to get rid of their own class). And it is good that Strindberg gives a holistic treatment on the class system in his time by showing readers its characteristics and problems (rigid, inflexible and unfair) and how people react to it once they break the taboo.